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Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is a tool that uses the intrinsic nature of local magnetic fields to enhance image contrast in order to improve the visibility of various susceptibility sources. SWI has blood oxygen levels dependent effect and is sensitive to the change of the cerebral oxygen saturation. This imaging method is applied to various diseases with abnormal deoxyhemoglobin concentration, such as ischemic stroke and cerebral arteriovenous malformation. Patients with acute ischemic stroke have elevated levels of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the affected area, so the ischemic area can show abnormal venous imaging on SWI images. SWI could recognize penumbra and guide the management of patients with acute stroke. Besides, SWI also could evaluate the severity of symptoms, predict prognosis and future surviving state. This paper reviews the research progress of the prominent hypointense vessels sign and its application in acute ischemic stroke.
ABSTRACT
Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is a tool that uses the intrinsic nature of local magnetic fields to enhance image contrast in order to improve the visibility of various susceptibility sources.SWI has blood oxygen levels dependent effect and is sensitive to the change of the cerebral oxygen saturation.This imaging method is applied to various diseases with abnormal deoxyhemoglobin concentration,such as ischemic stroke and cerebral arteriovenous malformation.Patients with acute ischemic stroke have elevated levels of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the affected area,so the ischemic area can show abnormal venous imaging on SWI images.SWI could recognize penumbra and guide the management of patients with acute stroke.Besides,SWI also could evaluate the severity of symptoms,predict prognosis and future surviving state.This paper reviews the research progress of the prominent hypointense vessels sign and its application in acute ischemic stroke.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between ipsilateral posterior cerebral artery laterality (PCAL) and the outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory. Methods From June 2015 to December 2016, patients with acute ischemic stroke in the MCA territory admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Hefei were enrolled. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was used to assess PCAL. The outcome was evaluated by the modified Rankin scale at 3 months after onset. 0-2 was defined as good outcome and > 2 was defined as poor outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of clinical outcome. Results A total of 111 patients with ischemic stroke in MCA territory were enrolled, including 47 (42. 3％) PCAL and 30 (27. 0％) poor outcomes. The baseline NIHSS score in the PCAL group was significantly lower than that in the non-PCAL group (5. 13 ± 3. 29 years vs. 7. 03 ± 5. 676 years, t = 2. 058; P = 0. 042). There were significantly differences in the proportion of diabetes mellitus (29. 6％ vs. 10. 0％; χ2 = 4. 583, P = 0. 032), PCAL (51. 9％ vs. 16. 7％;χ2 = 11. 101, P = 0. 001) and smoking (25. 9％ vs. 13. 3％; χ2 = 4. 943, P = 0. 026), as well as age (63. 9 ± 11. 8 years vs. 71. 0 ± 6. 7 years; t = 2. 688, P = 0. 007), baseline diastolic blood pressure (89 ± 13 mmHg vs. 82 ± 10 mmHg; t = -2. 249, P = 0. 025; 1 mmHg = 0. 133 kPa) and baseline NIHSS score (5. 02 ± 3. 67 vs. 9. 47 ± 6. 20; t = 3. 883, P < 0. 001) between the good outcome group and the poor outcome group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PCAL was associated independently with good outcome (odds ratio [OR] 0. 272, 95％ confidence interval [CI] 0. 083-0. 888; P = 0. 031), while advanced age (OR 1. 088, 95％ CI 1. 022-1. 157; P = 0. 008) and high baseline NIHSS score (OR 1. 224, 95％ CI 1. 077-1. 391; P = 0. 002) were associated independently with poor outcome. Conclusion PCAL is associated independently with good outcome in patients with ischemic stroke in MCA territory.
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Objective To investigate the predictive factors of progressive motor deficits (PMD) after isolated pontine infarction. Methods Consecutive patients with isolated pontine infarction admitted to hospital within 48 hours after onset were enroled. They were divided into either a PMD group (increase ≥1 within 7 days) or a non-PMD group according to the clinical course and the changes of motor scores of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The pontine infarction patterns were classified as basal surface infarction and deep infarction, the sides were divided into left and right, the infarct levels were divided into upper, middle, and lower according to diffusion-weighted imaging. The demographics, baseline clinical data, and imaging features were compared between the two groups. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the predictive factors of PMD after isolated pontine infarction. Results A total of 101 patients with isolated pontine infarction admitted to hospital within 48 h of onset were enroled, including 16 in the PMD group and 85 in the non-PMD group. The proportions of pontine infarction involving the basal surface (87. 5% vs. 47. 1% , χ2 = 8. 851, P = 0. 003), the infarcts on the middle levels (56. 2% vs. 24. 7% , χ2 = 4. 851, P = 0. 028), and basilar artery stenosis or occlusion (62. 5% vs. 27. 1% ,χ2 = 7. 689, P = 0. 006) of the PMD group were significantly higher than those of the non-PMD group, while the proportions of the infarcts on the left sides (18. 8% vs. 56. 5% , χ2 = 7. 664, P = 0. 006) and the infarcts on the upper levels (37. 5% vs. 72. 9% , χ2 = 7. 689, P = 0. 006) of the PMD group was significantly lower than those of the non-PMD group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that pontine infarction involving the basal surface (odds ratio 5. 650, 95% confidence interval 1. 011 - 31. 580, P = 0. 049) and basilar artery stenosis or occlusion (odds ratio 4. 075, 95% confidence interval 1. 127 - 14. 741, P = 0. 032) were the independent risk factors for PMD after isolated pontine infarction. Conclusions Infarction involving the basal surface and basilar artery stenosis or occlusion may be the predictors for PMD after isolated pontine infarction.
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The incidence of progressive stroke is higher in ischemic cerebrovascular diseases and its prognosis is poor.There are more studies about its predictors.The early neuroimaging fmdings,such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) showed infarct location and size,types of stroke,hemorrhagic transformation,macrovascular diseases,perfusion-weighted inaging (PWI) /DWI mismatch and clinical DWI mismatch have certain predictive valucs for the occurrence of progressive stroke.
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Leukoaraiosis (LA) complicating stroke is more common.Studies have shown that LA is closely associated with the occurrence and prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhage.This article reviews the relationship between LA and primary intracerebral hemorrhage,intracerebral hemorrhage after anticoagulant and thrombolytic therapies as well as cerebral microbleeds.
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Objective To design a kind of suitable equipment to collect the specimens from endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR),and observe the effect of the collector on clinical application. Methods The six-hole rotating collector was made from transparent glass,in which the specimens could be aspirated through the channel and remained in a mental net. A total of 813 cases with 1254 lesions in esophagus,stomach and large intestine were included in the study. All the cases were male 516,female 297,age in 7-90 years old (average 53.2 years). The collector was used for receiving these EMR specimens that less than 1cm in diameter. The final diagnoses were proved by histopathologic examination. Results The rotating collector was named as Transparent 6-hole Rotating Eodoscopic Specimen Collector,and registered as national patent. The collector was a round column type,about 160g in weight and 56 mm?60 mm in size,which was light,clear and easily cleaned,and worked well during clinical application. The total collecting success rate for specimen receiving is 93.3%. All the specimen samples kept undamaged and good for histological analysis. Conclusion The rotating specimen collector is useful and economic for endoscopic mucosal resection.
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Experimental animal plasma lipid and metabolite p roduct obviously decreased against the control group． The result is shown as fo llows:in Rbl group total cholesterol (TC) 51.20%, P<0.01,triglyceride (TG) 35.45% P<0.05; Malouylaldehyd(MDA) 47.0 %P<0.01;but in Rg1 group TC 38.5;TG 26.28% P <0.05; MDA 25.9% P<0.05．
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Objective To explore the role of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) in the pathogenesis of human gastric cancer. Methods Thirty patients with primary gastric cancers who were diagnosed and treated at our hospital were enrolled into the current study. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to check the ex-pression of GAD protein. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) was performed to ex-amine the expression of GADmRNA. Then investigated the relationships among the sites of gastric cancer, depth of infiltration, and degree of differentiation, staging and lymphatic metastasis. Results Immunohisto-chemistry analysis showed that GAD expression decreased in gastric cancer tissues compared with that of ad-jacent normal tissue(P
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Objective To study the role of Caspase-1 activated cytokines in renal injury of experimental severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:healthy control(HC),SAP 6h,SAP 12h and SAP 18h groups.SAP was induced by retrograde infusion of 5% sodium taurocholate into the bili-pancreatic duct in SD rats.Serum BUN and Cr were determined by an automated HITACHI-7150 analyzer.Serum IL-1? level was determined by ELISA.Myeloperoxidase(MPO)in the kidney was determined by enzyme chemistry assay.Intrarenal expressions of Caspase-1,IL-1? and IL-18 mRNA were assessed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.Results The serum BUN and Cr levels were increased significantly(P